EFFECT OF DUNE MIGRATION ON SCOUR AT BRIDGE PIERS     

Yee Meng CHIEW 《国际泥沙研究》1992,(1)

This paper examines the effect of dune migration on local scour around bridge piers. Experiments show that local scour depths fluctuate in response to the translation of dunes past the scour hole. The scour depths measured in a model study conducted in live-bed conditions contain both scour due to the pier and that due to dunes. The con' tribution from scour due to the dunes may form a significant fraction of the total scour depth measured in model investigations. Therefore, it is imperative to separate these two components of scour for analysis and comparison. The study proposes that an equilibrium or time-average scour depth normalized using pier diameter be used for analysis, and the contribution from dunes to the total scour depth be added independently. Dune size, in the absence of field or measured data, may be estimated using published predictive curves. Comparisons between computed and measured scour depths show a good correlation, and 90% of all the data tested fall within a scatter of 15%.  相似文献   

Paleomagnetic evidence for a diachronic clockwise rotation of the Coastal Range, eastern Taiwan     

Teh-Quei Lee  Catherine Kissel  Eric Barrier  Carlo Laj  Wen-Rong Chi 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1991,104(2-4)

Paleomagnetic results obtained from over 2100 cores sampled at 132 early Pliocene to late Pleistocene sites in the Coastal Range of eastern Taiwan indicate that, since the late Pliocene, the margin of the Philippine Sea plate has undergone a clockwise rotation of about 30° as a direct consequence of the Plio-Pleistocene collision of this plate with the Chinese Continental plate. The rotation is diachronic and started between 3 and 4 Ma ago in the northern Coastal Range then propagated southward at an average speed of the order of 70 ± 10 km/Ma. This value is in very good agreement with estimates of the southward propagation of the collision between the Philippine Sea plate and the Eurasian margin in Taiwan. It is suggested that the rotation reflects the deformation of the Philippine Sea plate at depth and does not results from the shallow deformations involved in the building of the Coastal Range orogen.  相似文献   

冀鲁(西)地区早古生代浅海碳酸盐台地成生演化          下载免费PDF全文

文琼英  孟繁利 《沉积与特提斯地质》1991,11(5):19-26

冀鲁断块(张步春、蔡文伯,1980)位于华北板块的东部(图1),早古生代为一广阔的浅海碳酸盐台地,富产膏盐矿产,有多处油气显示,尚具有油气的生储盖组合。研究该台地的成生演化将可能为成矿远景预测提供重要基地。本文拟在1986—1988年野外工作基础上,仅就控制碳酸盐台地的成生机制作一简要讨论。关于寒武系、奥陶系的划分仍采用前人沿革,自下而上:下寒武统馒头组(∈_(1m))、毛庄组(∈_(lmo)),中寒武统徐庄组(∈_(2X))、张夏组(∈_(2z)),上寒武统崮山组(∈_(3g))、长山组(∈_(3c))、凤山组(∈_(3f)),下奥陶统  相似文献   

Fractal Method for Statistical Analysis Geological Data     

Meng Xianguo Zhao Pengda China University of Geosciences  Wuhan 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1991,(1)

This paper establishes the phase space in the light of spacial series data,discussesthe fractal structure of geological data in terms of correlated functions and studies thechaos of these data.In addition,it introduces the R/S analysis for time series analysisinto spacial series to calculate the structural fractal dimensions of ranges and standard de-viation for spacial series data,and to establish the fractal dimension matrix and the proce-dures in plotting the fractal dimension anomaly diagram with vector distances of fractal di-mension.At last,it has examples of its application.  相似文献   

正确应用痕量元素协变图形判别岩浆作用类型     

迟效国 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1992,(1)

对主要岩浆作用过程中痕量元素协变方程和实例的分析表明,正确选择元素做图是应用协交图形判别岩浆作用类型的前提,并非任意元素-元素、比值-元素和比值-比值协变图形都能有效判别岩浆作用过程。文中给出了不同形式的协交图形中元素的选择标准,指出强相容元素与强不相容元素的元素-元素协变图形对判别岩浆分离结晶作用和部分熔融作用更为有效和实用,同时也是判别岩浆同化混染作用的重要图解。  相似文献   

较低温度(580～700℃)合成的高Tc(Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O)系超导体     

孟大维  王永在  沈今川  吴秀玲  周惟公 《地球科学》1990,(4)

按照名义组分1113和1112以较低的烧结温度(580～700℃)获得了一系列高Tc Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O系超导体,其最佳样品的零电阻温度为112K。电子衍射分析表明,样品中含有两相,主相属四方晶系,晶胞参数为a=b=0.547nm.c=2.931nm.α=β=Υ=90°,空间群为I4/mmm次相属正交晶系,晶胞参数为a=0.335nm,b=0.989nm.c=1.654nm,.α=β=Υ=90°,空间群为Pmmm。  相似文献   

Temperature and precipitation changes in Extensive Hexi Region,China, 1960–2011     

Wei Liu  ZongXing Li  Meng Zhu  XiaoYan Guo  LiJuan Chen 《寒旱区科学》2016,8(3):212-226

Global climate change has been evident in many places worldwide. This study provides a better understanding of the variability and changes in frequency, intensity, and duration of temperature, precipitation, and climate extremes in the Extensive Hexi Region, based on meteorological data from 26 stations. The analysis of average, maximum, and minimum temperatures revealed that statistically significant warming occurred from 1960 to 2011. All temperature extremes displayed trends consistent with warming, with the exception of coldest-night temperature(TNn) and coldest-day temperature(TXn), which were particularly evident in high-altitude areas and at night. Amount of precipitation and number of rainy days slowly increased with no significant regional trends, mainly occurring in the Qilian Mountains and Hexi Corridor. The significance of changes in precipitation extremes during 1960–2011 was high, but the regional trends of maximum 5-day precipitation(RX5day), the average precipitation on wet days(SDII), and consecutive wet days(CWD) were not significant. The variations in the studied parameters indicate an increase in both the extremity and strength of precipitation events, particularly in higher-altitude regions. Furthermore, the contribution from very wet precipitation(R95) and extremely wet precipitation(R99) to total precipitation also increased between 1960 and 2011. The assessment of these changes in temperature and precipitation may help in developing better management practices for water resources. Future studies in the region should focus on the impact of these changes on runoffs and glaciers.  相似文献   

Impact of earthquake-induced landslide on the habitat suitability of giant panda in Wolong,China     

Qing-kai Meng  Fang Miao  Jing Zhen  Yan Huang  Xin-yuan Wang  Ying Peng 《山地科学学报》2016,13(10):1789-1805

Massive geological landslides and unstable landslide areas were triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. These landslides caused deaths, damaged infrastructure and threatened endanger species. This study analyzed the impact of landslides on giant pandas and their habitats from the following aspects: threatening pandas‘ lives, damaging pandas‘ habitat, influencing giant panda behavior, increasing habitat fragmentation; the final aspect, and blocking gene flow by cutting off corridors. A habitat suitability map was created by integrating the landslide factors with other traditional factors based on a logistics regression method. According to the landslide inventory map, there are 1313 landslides, 818 rock debris flows, 117 rock avalanches and 43 mud flows occurred in the study area. A correlation analysis indicated that landslides caused the pandas to migrate, and the core landslides within 1 km2 had greater influence on panda migration. These core landslides primarily occurred in mid-altitude regionscharacterized by high slopes, old geological ages, large areas and large rock mass volumes. The habitat suitability assessment results for the Wolong Natural Reserve had better prediction performance(80.9%) and demonstrated that 14.5%, 15.9%, 20.5%, 47.6% and 1.5% of the study area can be classified as very high, high, moderate, low and very low giant panda suitability areas, respectively. This study can be used to inform panda and panda habitat research, management and protection during post-quake reconstruction and recovery periods in China.  相似文献   

地热回灌井井底压强新解          下载免费PDF全文

周萌  任晓霞  杨淑云 《山东国土资源》2016,32(1)

前人对地热回灌井的井底压强评价主要通过水位和井内水温、密度分布进行相对静态计算。为了更客观地研究井底压强计算,该文进行了更全面的分析。当在对模拟地热回灌井的尾水出水口压力进行计算时,发现了尾水对下部水柱产生13.07 m水柱当量压强,并结合估计的回灌平衡状态下井内温度(密度)分布,计算出井底压强及其他相关数据,并与静井状态进行了对比,认为在回灌井结构不变的前提下,井底的压强主要由尾水出水口压力、动水位和温度(密度)分布共同决定。  相似文献   

The impact of atmospheric deposition of cadmium on dominant algal species in the East China Sea     

Qiwei Quan  Ying Chen  Qingwei Ma  Fujiang Wang  Xi Meng  Bo Wang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(2):271-282

Cadmium(Cd) mainly derived from anthropogenic emissions can be transported through atmospheric pathway to marine ecosystem,affecting the phytoplankton community and primary productivity.In this study,we identified the toxicity threshold of Cd for phytoplankton under seawater conditions of the coastal East China Sea(ECS) through both laboratory and in situ mesocosm incubation experiments.The mesocosm experiment showed that Cd in low concentration(0.003 μg per μg chl a) was conducive to the growth of natural community and increased chl a productivity.In high concentration(0.03 μg per μg chl a) Cd acted as an inhibiting factor which decreased the total chl a productivity.The diatom community was found to be more sensitive to Cd toxicity than dinoflagellate,as the low concentration Cd showed toxicity to diatom but enhanced dinoflagellate growth.We noticed that the soluble Cd estimated from atmosphere deposition to the coastal ECS was below the toxicity threshold and the Cd deposition might promote phytoplankton growth in this region.In our laboratory experiments,adding Cd,similar to aerosol deposition,stimulated the growth of both dominant algal species Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu(dinoflagellate) and Skeletonema costatum(diatom).Adding Cd on a higher level inhibited the growth of both the species,but Skeletonema costatum seemed obviously more sensitive to toxicity.This indicates the potential impact of atmospheric deposition Cd on phytoplankton community succession in the ECS.  相似文献